About

Sapporo Medical Journal

Sapporo Medical Journal is an open access, monthly, peer reviewed International Medical Journal with focuses on publishes research conducted in all fields of medical, medicine. There is no restriction on the length of research papers and reviews, although authors are encouraged to be concise. Sapporo Medical Journal is a scopus indexed International Medical Journal that wants to publish original articles, research articles, review articles with top-level work from all areas of Medicine, General Medicine, Medical Science Research and their application including Aetiology, bioengineering, biomedicine, cardiology, chiropody etc.
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal

Sapporo Medical Journal aims to distribute and expand medical data to the World as well as build a supportive and vibrant community of researchers to connect and explore ideas by publishing articles related to all fields of medicine. Sapporo Medical Journal believes that quality and ethical research. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to:

Medicine Microbiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Internal Medicine Physiology Anatomy Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Infectious Diseases General Surgery Cancer research Pulmonary Dermatology and Venereal diseases Orthopedics Neurology Anaesthesia Medical education Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Neurosurgery Gastroenterology Nephrology Paediatrics Reproduction Dental Cardiology Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dermatology Diabetes Orthopaedics Hepatology Urology Psychology Anesthesiology Endocrinology Biotechnology Venereology ENT Psychiatry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pulmonology Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutical Pharmacognosy Biopharmaceutics Phatmaceutical Technology Quality Assurance Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Drug Regulatory Industrial Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Drug Design Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Drug Discovery Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmacy Practice Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Drug Metabolism Pharmacovigilance Toxicology Clinical Research Microbiology Phrmacoinformatics Life Sciences like Chemistry Epidemiology Biomedical Sciences Immunology Dentistry Oncology Biomedicine Physiotherapy Sexology Neuroscience Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Pharmacy and Nursing Angiology/Vascular Medicine Osteology Ophthalmology Haematology Kinesiology Critical care Medicine Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Clinical immunology Bariatrics Genomics and Proteomics Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Radiobiology Cell Biology Geriatric Medicine Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology
Paper ID : SMJ0412215512412

Abstract : Intelligence is defined as a general mental ability for reasoning, problem solving, and learning. To assess the intelligence quotient (IQ) of a child, many factors play a role such as genetics, family, social, cultural and environmental. Blood lead levels (BLLs) in 5 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) or more are associated with decreased intelligence, behavioral disorders and learning problems. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of low IQ and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study design was conducted in West Bangka. Data on 190 children aged 2-9 years and their mothers were collected. The subjects were divided into two categories on the results of intelligence assessment (IQ test) by Startford-Binet intelligence scale. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the prevalence and associated factors with low IQ. The total prevalence of BLL > 5µg/dL and low IQ in children were 57.9% and 62.3%, respectively. However, after adjustment for head circumference for age, height for age, maternal and paternal education level, BLL was not associated with low IQ in children. Children with microcephaly were more likely to be low IQ (adjusted OR : 4.304 95% CI : 1.602 – 11.563, p = 0.004) than children with normocephaly. Children whose mothers had low education level were at a higher risk for low IQ (adjusted OR : 3.785, 95% CI : 1.976 – 7.248, p = 0.000) compared to children whose mothers had high level education.

Paper ID : SMJ2311215511410

Abstract : For a proper activity of the drug, researchers study all factors that could impact the pharmacological action of the drug, including interactions between drug and juices which are the most important factor that alters the effect of a medicine. HPLC/MS technique helps analyze the concentration of drugs in plasma to identify the impact of co-administrated substances on it. In our review article, we concentrated on citrus fruit juices (Grapefruit, Seville orange, and Pomelo), Cranberry juice, and pomegranate and their effect on the pharmacokinetics of studied drugs (Cyclosporine, Warfarin, and Colchicine). In this review, it found that some of the interactions showed several changes in pharmacokinetics parameters Like T max, C max, AUC, and modification in Half-life. While others remained without any interference. In conclusion, the complexity of the fruit juice's composition makes it difficult to study, but healthcare providers should be aware of any possible side effects or unusual interactions that may occur while taking medication with juices. Keywords — Interactions, Juice(s), Drug(s), Pharmacokinetics, HPLC-MS technique, Cyclosporine, Warfarin, Colchicine, Pomelo, Seville orange, Grapefruit, Cranberry, Pomegranate.

Paper ID : SMJ2011215511409

Abstract : Background and Aim:The Coronavirus disease(COVID-19) pandemic has affected healthcare service delivery globally including gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy services at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods:This was a retrospective study of all Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopies(UGIE) and Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopies(LGIE) performed between February 2016 and February 2021. The Age, Gender, Procedure type and Number of procedures performed were obtained from the endoscopy register. The data obtained was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) version 21.0. Results:A total number of 208 UGIE were performed during the period under review, out of which 109(52.4%) were males and 99(47.6%) were females. Furthermore, a total number of 48 LGIE were performed during the period under review, out of which 34(70.8%) were males and 14(29.2%) were females. There had been a gradual rise over the years in the number of the UGIE performed, with 34(16.3%) procedures in 2016 to 57(27.4%) procedures in 2019 but declined to 31(14.9%) in 2020 following the COVID-19 pandemic. There had also been a gradual rise over the years in the number of the LGIE performed, with 5(10.4%) procedures in 2016 to 15(31.2%) procedures in 2019 but declined to 14(29.2%) in 2020. Conclusion:The COVID-19 pandemic impacted negatively on the volume of endoscopy procedures performed.

Paper ID : SMJ1911215511408
Sapporo Medical Journal
Author : Disa Hijratul Muharramah, Nurhayati Adnan Prihartono,

Abstract : Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) has spread worldwide, infecting more than 180 million people and 3.9 million deaths. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 range from asymptomatic or mild infection to severe illness. This study aims to examine the risk of severe COVID-19 illness associated with obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted to the University Hospital in 2020. Patients ages < 18 years and pregnant people were not included in the analysis. Data were obtained from medical records. Cases were selected for the analysis only if the information was complete. There were 725 COVID-19 cases included for the analysis. We used adjusted PRs (and 95% CI) to estimate the risk of COVID-19 severity associated with obesity. Results: 178 had severe symptoms. Patients with hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and chronic kidney disease were more likely to suffer severe COVID-19 symptoms. After taking into account on age, gender, diabetes and heart disease, obesity was associated with severe COVID-19 illness (PR 1.78 and 95% CI:1.32-2.38). The risk of COVID-19 severity associated with obesity were consistent on levels of age, sex, and comorbidities. Conclusion: Obesity increases the risk of severity in COVID-19. Maintaining healthy life style, including routine exercise, choice of healthy food and routine medical checkup may reduce the risk of COVID-19 severity

Paper ID : SMJ1511215511405
Sapporo Medical Journal
Author : Ahmed A. Soliman, Lama Ghandoura, Abdullah Al-Mutairi, Majda A. Addas, Razan Khafaji, Shoog Alqahtani, Shumukh Althobaiti,

Abstract : Osteoporosis is a major chronic health issue that affects the patient’s quality of life. Since most patients are asymptomatic, knowledge and awareness of osteoporosis and its risk factors are extremely important in disease progression and prevention. This study aimed to estimate the level of knowledge about osteoporosis and its relation with age, gender, and educational level among the general population in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2020 and included 412 randomly selected participants. A self-reported validated questionnaire was distributed online through social media applications. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: demographic data and knowledge about risk factors and general knowledge of osteoporosis. The majority of the participants were women (70.4%). Most participants were young adults (16–30-year-olds; 56.1%) and 59% had a bachelor's degree. Overall, 47.8% of the participants had good knowledge scores regarding osteoporosis. Pearson’s chi-squared tests showed no association between the participants’ level of knowledge about osteoporosis and their gender (p = 0.164), educational level (p = 0.425), or age (p = 0.346). Most of the representative residents of Jeddah had a good level of knowledge about osteoporosis, and there was no association between age, gender, or educational level and knowledge about osteoporosis. We recommend interventions to increase the level of knowledge about the disease.