Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Bacterial activity is one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris (AV). Previous studies reported that other bacteria found in addition to P. acnes in AV lesions, may also play a role in acne pathogenesis. Furthermore, an increase in antibiotic resistance towards these bacteria become problems. The aim of this study was to identify bacteria and determine antibiotic resistance from comedones of AV patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital West Java, Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from January to February 2019. A total of 30 samples were collected from closed comedone, then cultured under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Species identification was done by Vitek® 2 compact. The isolates were tested for resistance to nine antibiotics by disk diffusion methods. The result of this study consisted of 53.6% P. acnes, 17.9% Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), 10.7% Staphylococcus hominis ssp. hominis (S. hominis spp. hominis), 7.1% Staphylococcus capitis (S. capitis), 1,8% for each of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus warneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae spp. pneumoniae, and Enterobacter aerogenes. The two most common bacteria in one comedone were P. acnes concurrently with S. epidermidis. The highest antibiotic resistance of all bacteria was against clindamycin (62.5%), azithromycin (60.7%), erythromycin (57.1%), cotrimoxazole (46.4%), tetracycline (28.6%), levofloxac