Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Musk is a biological secretion with a unique odor produced by the Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus. Although musk was used as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-ischemic, and anti-infective in Traditional Mongolian Medicine, it has not been standardized until now. This study aimed to conduct a standardization study with focus on the determination of the quality and safety parameters of musk and evaluate the antipyretic effect of the musk by yeast-induced model of fever. The musk was extracted from the domesticated musk deer from the Musk Deer Breeding Center of the ITMT was used in this study. The content of the muscone in the natural musk was determined by HPLC method. Mice were fevered by injecting 20 mg/kg of Brewer’s yeast subcutaneously. Then, rectal temperature was recorded by thermometer for six (6) hours. In this study, the musk reduced the body temperature significantly after yeast injection compared to the control group (*p<0.01). Suitable conditions of HPLC revealed the presence of muscone in natural musk and the content of muscone in natural musk was determined at 0.31±0.005%. The quality and safety parameters of natural musk were determined: moisture content is at 24.88±0.85%, total ash at 2.62 ± 0.32% while aerobic microbes, yeast, and mold were not detected in the Musk. The standardization indicators of natural musk were defined and the Mongolian National Pharmacopeia Monograph’s draft for natural Musk was developed.

Abstract : Background: Controversy exist as regards the optimum treatment of pituitary adenoma as it is claimed to be spontaneously regressed. The aim of the current case report with literature review is to highlight the reality of the notion that pituitary adenomas might need no treatment nor surgical intervention due to their spontaneous regression. Methods: We presented here with a case of a 47-year-old female who undergone a strict observation and follow up for pituitary adenoma during a period of 10 years. Review of the literature took place as regards this notion. Conclusion: Pituitary adenomas may need no intervention because they may regress spontaneously. Although the data of one patient is limited it may shed the light on the problem. Further cohort series of this rare condition might be needed to properly investigate the condition.

Abstract : Spectrophotometric techniques can be used to accurately and rapidly determine the concentration of Nitazoxanide in body fluids (serum and urine) through react with diazonium salt ,which result from hydrolyze amino group of 2-Aminobenzothiazole by hydrochloric acid , to formation a precipitate a yellow-orange azo dye. Showed obeyed beers law between 50- 450 μg.mL-1, Molar absorptivity of 0.4916 x103 L mol-1/cm-1 was measured at 478 nm, . for Sandal's sensitivity 0.0132 has a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.96 μg.mL-1 and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 9.875 μg.mL-1 . This technique has been successfully used to quantify various concentrations of Nitazoxanide in body fluids .

Abstract : In this study, new glycolipids derivatives have been synthesized by modification of the head group. The glycosylation reaction was perform using monosaccharide pentacetates with n-dodecanol in presence of borontriflouride. After deacetylation under basic medium, the benzylidene protecting on 4 and 6 hydroxyls on sugar follow by introducing of two propargylic group on remaining hydroxyls on 2 and 3 positions. The click reaction of sodium azide provide two triazole rings on the final structures of glycolipids 6 and 7. The liquid crystalline phases of the materials were investigated extensively by optical polarized macroscope (POM), and differential scan calorimetry (DSC). The thermotropic behavior of these glycolipids reveal the formation of lamellar phase at the range of 60-70 oC. While the lyotropic under penetration of water reveal a cubic phase for 6 and bi-continues cubic phase for 7. All the compounds was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13CNMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS).

Abstract : The appearance isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), as well as vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), in the community, becomes a big concern in worldwide public health in both developed as well as developing countries. Hence, the purpose of the current research aimed to examine phenotypic and genotypic detection of virulence factors in MRSA and VRSA and the frequency of VRSA and VISA isolates among conjunctivitis infections. The results showed that 6 (9.37%) of isolates were capsulated S. aureus by India ink staining, hence 67% of isolates showed the protease enzyme production. The results revealed that 57.8% of S. aureus isolates changed the color of DNase agar from blue to pink or rose, indicating that they were positive result. The results showed that 76.5% of S. aureus isolates produced gelatinase enzyme. The molecular results showed that all of S. aureus isolates do not contain the cap5 gene, while cap8 gene detected in 35% of S. aureus isolates. Also, result pointed out that 50% S. aureus of investigate isolates contained the hla gene. The findings of the molecular revelation of the nuc gene showed that 70% of S. aureus isolate gave positive for nuc gene.