Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Bite mark analysis has been used as an ideal tool for recognizing dental features that are unique to the gender, race or ethnicity of a person. but the challenge that most forensic odontologists face in identifying the bite-marks have been accredited to the poor quality, inaccuracy or lack of proper bite marks records. digitization in the forensic field, has been progressively evolving, but requires more focus to further advance this method for accurate identification of criminal cases. this comparative cross-sectional study assessed dental arch parameters and tooth parameters using manual method and image analysis digital method with ethnicity malaysian population. this study showed a definite variation in dental arch parameters and tooth parameters in bite-mark analysis between various races of malaysian population. comparison of digital method with manual method has been explored in this study. bite-mark analysis has gained utmost importance as a source of expert witness in the court of law. this study compared bite-mark variations between indian, chinese and malay races of malaysian population. importance of digital technology has been re-emphasized in relation to bite-mark analysis in forensic science studies

Abstract : Asimple, accurate and controlled spectrophotometricmmethod is studied for the determinationmof hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) both pure and in pharmaceutical preparations. The drug's reaction with the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPHz) reagent is the foundation of this mathod. The optimum conditions were studied from the effect of the reagent, oxidized agent and NaOH, the reaction time and the optimum temperature for the formation of the color of azo product and it was in compliance with Beer’s law in the range 2.5 to 22.5 µg/mL at the wavelength 620 nm. the molar absorptivity, Sandellʼs sensitivity, detection limit and quantitation limit were 1048.28L.mol-1 .cm-1, 0.3204μg.cm-2, 0.243 μg.ml-1,, and 0.738 μg.ml-1 respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to determination of HCQ in its pharmaceutical preparations. The thermodynamic functions such as enthalpy ∆H, entropy ∆S, and Gibbsmfree energy ∆G were calculated, and it was found that the drug absorption not Spontaneous,mendothermic process and more regular of the system.

Abstract : Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common syndrome in the world. Many complications result from Diabetes including sexual impairment which highlyaffects quality of life in men. The aim of this work is to formulate and evaluate oro-dispersible tablets (ODTs) contain 500 mg metformin and 5 mg Tadalafil. A successful, simple, valid method of analysis for simultaneous determination of metformin and tadalafil was developed using HPLC with UV detector. Acetonitrile-phosphate buffer pH 3.5 was used as a mobile phase and a successful separation and quantification wer achieved. Linearity, precision, recovery and robustness were all tested according to the ICH guideline of pharmaceutical analysis. Four formulas were prepared, using three types of disintegrants, cross povidone, sodium starch glycolate and cross-linked alginic and tw types of diluents. The powder mix each formula was tested for flowability and compressibility. Then, tablets were compressed by direct compression method and evaluated according to the USP specifications of Oro-dispersible tablets. Results showed that the evaluation of all formulas showed an effect of type of disintegrant and diluent on wetting and disintegration times, where cross povidone gave the shortest disintegration time (52 ±2 seconds) Also, increase concentration of Avicel resulted in increase in disintegration time (from 46±2 to 52±2 seconds). Dissolution test of F4 in pH 1.2 and 6.8 showed very fast dissolution of both drugs were more than 85%

Abstract : Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) related illness that has spread globally and may worsen as pulmonary fibrosis develops. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) has been recommended as a marker of COVID-19 and the severity of the illness. It is a chemical that is mostly expressed by injured alveolar type II cells. In order to confirm KL-6 potential as a predictive biomarker of severity in patients with COVID-19, this pilot investigation measured blood concentrations of KL-6. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty patients with COVID-19 participated in the research. According to the severity of the disease, the COVID-19 patients were classified into three groups: critical disease (n=43), severe disease (n=52), and mild/moderate disease (n=45), with (n=60) healthy volunteers as the control group. Blood samples were taken as well as all of the patients' fundamental clinical and demographic information.

Abstract : Background: Inflammation and immune-mediated reactions are facilitated by the endothelial cell adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), viral infection of endothelial cells brought on by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can result in vascular alterations and boost the expression of ICAM-1, and may be utilized as a biomarker to assess disease severity. The purpose of this study was to determine how serum ICAM-1 levels affected the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: 120 patients with COVID-19 participated in the research. According to the severity of the condition, the COVID-19 patients were divided into three groups: critical disease (n = 23), severe disease (n = 37), and mild/moderate disease (n = 60), with 60 healthy volunteers working as the control group. Blood samples were taken as well as all of the patients' fundamental clinical and demographic information.