Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are a common congenital heart disease (approximately 20%). The most common are the perimembranous VSD (around 70%), while completely muscular VSD may occur around 15% of the cases. Supracrystal defects are quite rare accounting for 5% of all VSD. Indications to VSD closure are symptoms of heart failure, signs of left heart chambers overload, and history of endocarditis. The traditional treatment is surgical repair. The surgical approach is considered to be the gold standard, but it is associated with morbidity and mortality, patient discomfort, sternotomy and skin scar. Percutaneous techniques have been developed in order to reduce the impact of such drawback of surgery. Since the first VSD closed by a transcatheter approach by Lock et al. various techniques have been used. Closure of VSD using Ampatzer occluders has been greatly improved and widely reported. VSD inselected patients may be closed percutaneously using an Amplatzer Ductal Occluder II (ADO II) device, as an off-label therapy. It appears that ADO II may be the preferable device for the closure of defects of moderate size (2-5 mm), especially in infants and small children, because of its better profile.

Abstract : Background: Biliary Atresia (BA) is still a challenge because its pathogenesis remains unclear. It is suggested that interferon gamma (IFN-𝛾) has important role in its pathogenesis. Aims: To analyze correlation between IFN-𝛾 expression, cholestasis grading, and biliary atresia incidence in neonatal cholestasis. Methods: It is an analytic observational study within neonatal cholestasis subjects 1-12 months age. Liver biopsies were performed on these subjects. Subjects were divided into biliary atresia and non-biliary atresia according to its histopathology. Then, cholestasis severity were analyzed in its liver specimens and divided into mild, moderate and poor groups. Immunohistochemistry were performed to all of the specimens. Spearman Rank test, Eta Contingency, and Coefficient contingency were performed as statistical tests. Results: There were 34 subjects consists of 20 biliary atresia and 14 non biliary atresia. The average IFN-𝛾 expression in BA group was 11 ± 3.145 cells whereas in non-BA group was 5.928±1.439 cells. Cholestasis severity in BA group were mild (0%), moderate (5%) and 95% had poor grade whereas in non BA group were 21.43%, 50%, and 28.57% respectively. There was significant correlation between IFN-𝛾 expression and BA incidence (r=0,904; p=0,00). There was significant correlation between IFN-𝛾 expression and cholestasis severity grades (r=0,639; p=0,000). There was significant correlation between cholestasis severity grades and BA incidence (r=0,574;

Abstract : Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is a common and systemic disease for unknown reasons. Pulmonary involvement is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Lung ultrasound is a safe, easy, and accessible way to diagnose lung cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary ultrasound (US) to find pulmonary parenchymal involvement in patients in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and Method: This study was performed cross-sectionally with a descriptive-analytical approach on 123 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. After obtaining written consent, all individuals were undergoing lung ultrasound. The results of ultrasound to determine the diagnostic accuracy of this modality in ILD diagnosis, were compared with the findings of HRCT. In the next step, a checklist also included personal information such as gender, age, smoking and drug history for each patient. The collected data were analyzed after coding and logging into SPSS-21 statistical software and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Evidence of ILD in HRCT study was observed in 37 subjects (about 30%). Sensitivity and specificity in ILD diagnosis were 64.8% and 60.47%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive odds ratio and negative odds ratio were estimated at 41.38%, 80%, 1.64, 0.58, respectively and diagnostic accuracy was 61.79%. Ultrasound sensitivity in both mild and moderate B-Line w

Abstract : Background: Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) Metabolic Syndrome Incidence of the National Cholesterol Education Program at 40 years and above 24 % and WHO 21 %. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the US was 25 %, 31 % in Padang City, Jakarta, and 21.6 %. Fermented black glutinous rice has a phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and fiber component believed to prevent regulated metabolic syndrome. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fermented black glutinous rice consumption and the prevention of metabolic syndrome at age 40 and above in West Bandung Regency, West Java Province. Design: The research used a case-control design. Samples in this study were respondents aged 40 years and over in West Bandung, West Java province, with 57 cases and 57 controls. Data were collected through interviews and physical examinations. Results: The cut-off point at least daily intake of fermented black glutinous rice can prevent the occurrence of metabolic syndrome by more than 11,5 grams per day. The percentage of metabolic syndrome is greater than the proportion of respondents who eat black fermented glutinous rice ≤11.5 grams a day (82.1 a cent). The proportion of non-metabolic syndrome was higher among respondents who used fermented black gluten. Conclusion: It can be inferred that people who eat more than 11,5 grams a day of fermented black glutinous rice have a preventive effect on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome nine times with control variables of

Abstract : Congenital heart disease causes pulmonary arterial hypertension, heart failure, and early death. Pulmonary arterial hypertension causes pulmonary arterial wall remodeling, inflammation, deposition of extracellular matrix protein, collagen synthesis, and fibrosis. This study aims to analyze the effect of Pomegranate extract on pulmonary arterial pressure in Sprague Dawley rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rat age 3-month bodyweight 250-350 gram allocated randomly into Pomegranate extract and control group, 6 rats in each group. Pulmonary arterial hypertension.was induced with monocrotaline 60 mg/kg body weight injected subcutaneously. Pulmonary arterial pressure both groups were measured at 2 weeks and 4 weeks of observation. Rats were euthanized after 2 and 4 weeks of observation. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure the Pomegranate extract group was significantly lower compared to the control group in two weeks and four weeks of observation, 27,57±9,17 mmHg vs 47,48±5,58 mmHg (p=0.001) and 32,43±9,64 mmHg vs 46,53±5,53 mmHg (p=0.001) respectively. Pomegranate extract can decrease pulmonary arterial pressure in Sprague Dawley rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by monocrotaline. Pomegranate extracts effective preventing the progressivity of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the rat.