Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : The determinants of unmet need for contraception vary between regions, so they have different influences for each location. Therefore, it is necessary to map cases and risk factors for unmet need for contraception in Indonesia based on the district/city level. This research aims to determine the determinants of the unmet need for contraception by considering spatial aspects. This research was carried out in 155 Muaro Jambi Regency, Indonesia and using secondary data for 2020 and 2021, with an analysis unit of 155 villages in Muaro Jambi Regency. This research uses an ecological study research design with analysis of Moran's index, Moran's scatterplot, and spatial regression SAR. This research was carried out from March to December 2022. There has been an increasing unmet need for contraception from 16.8% in 2020 to 20.6% in 2021. In addition, there is positive spatial autocorrelation between villages in Muaro Jambi Regency, seen from the p-value <0.05. Based on the results of spatial regression SAR, the variables that are significantly related in 2020 are the number of cadres (0.001), early marriage (0.022), and education level (0.00). Meanwhile, in 2021, education level has a significant influence, with a p-value of 0.000. This research is expected to provide a contribution in the form of information and input for central and regional governments in prioritizing intervention programs to reduce the unmet need for contraception at the district or city level.

Abstract : The high level of resistance to pathogenic bacteria causes the number of antibiotics to be limited. Therefore, searching for new antibiotics that can kill these resistant bacteria is necessary. A new approach to obtaining new metabolic products with various structures is "One Strain Many Compounds" (OSMAC). This strategy can offer a quick, easy, and efficient way to increase the diversity of secondary metabolites by enhancing and activating "silent biogenetic gene clusters." Through this research, the secondary metabolites of Penicillium simplicissimum Ch06 in a solid rice medium were compared to the same medium with the addition of 3.5% MSG and 3.5% NaNO3. The content of secondary metabolites was analyzed using LC-MS/MS method. The antibacterial activity of the fungus extracts was tested using the agar diffusion method. Adding MSG and NaNO3 to rice media affected the formation of secondary metabolites from the fungus. The antibacterial activity of fungal extracts induced by adding MSG and NaNO3 was greater than that of the control medium. The fungal metabolite profiles analyzed by liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) showed a clear difference of several peaks in the LC profile following the same trend with the variation of the antibacterial activity of the fungal extracts. Our results showed a clear difference in cultivation media with the addition of MSG / NaNO3 and fungal bioactivity.

Abstract : A worker is an individual who does work for life and is a social being who lives a family life [1]. Roles as workers and family members will experience conflict if not managed properly. When workers encounter a problem at work, it can negatively influence their lives and cause work-family conflict [2]. The contradictions between work and family happenings found by workers can also be the main reason for it [11]. This cross-sectional study determined the relationship between work type and family conflict. Work type and family conflicts were taken from the 2021 National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) in Tangerang Regency and South Tangerang City, where 1,048,573 data were obtained and spread across ten types of work, including those who are unemployed or serve both as heads of families and homemakers. Based on the results of the tests conducted, the relation result between the type of work and the incidence of family conflict were as follows: without greeting (for three consecutive days) p = 0.068, domestic violence p = 0.737, leaving the house/running away (for two consecutive days) p = 0.347, and separate beds between husband and wife (for seven consecutive days) p = 0.141. These data show no significant relation between work and the incidence of family conflict among the Tangerang population. However, the writer suggests researching more diverse types of family and work-family conflicts and covering all the problems that can arise in families.

Abstract : Abstract— Background: SARS-CoV-2 patients with obesity have a high risk for severe and critical clinical conditions that require intensive care and have a poor chance of outcome. The aim of this study was to determine association of obesity with length of stay and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 patients in a national referral hospital Indonesia. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort. The research sample was SARS-CoV-2 patients who were treated by pulmonary specialists in the intensive room of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. The number of samples in this study was 100 subjects. The inclusion criteria in this study were patients aged > 18 years and patients with severe and critical clinical SARS-CoV-2 confirmed who were undergoing treatment in the SARS-CoV-2 isolation intensive room for the period January – December 2021 and there were data on weight and height in the initial assessment on medical record. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was significant, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: SARS-CoV-2 patients with obese who had a length of stay ≥ 14 days (25.0%) more than non-obese (9.6%). This study found that there was an association between obesity and length of stay of SARS-CoV-2 patients (OR = 3.13, 95% CI 1.01-9.70). The majority of obese patients died (81.3%) more than non-obese (57.7%). This study found that there was an association between obesity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 patients (OR = 3.18, 95%

Abstract : WHO has identified Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as a neglected, significant, and re-emerging risk of tuberculosis (TB). This study aims to analyze factors influencing the incidence of TB among Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients in Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used in this research with secondary data from Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. The data analysis conducted by using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The distribution of each variable were described by univariate analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis showed the risk factor and the most dominant factor that significantly associated with TB incident among DM Patient in Indonesia. This study found that 0,67% (n = 247) of respondents (n= 37,460) who diagnosed with TB and respondents who diagnosed with DM are 2,8% (n=1,061). The bivariate analysis found that smoking history (p-value = 0,035), diagnosis of cancer (p-value 0,017), and poor ventilation (p-value = 0,017) are the risk factor that significantly associated with TB incident among DM Patient in Indonesia. Diagnosis of cancer is the most dominant factor that influencing incident of TB among DM Patients in Indonesia (sig 0.011 <0.05). The need for further research on cancer following TB diagnosis to maximize the effective screening and early detection strategies.