Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Background : COVID 19 pandemic result in great thread to the public health and by the measures taken to limit viral transmission , a lot of maternal healthcare services had been disrupted .Our research aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on access to maternal health services in Basrah city .method : This is a descriptive retrospective records based study implemented during the period from 1st of March 2019 to 31st of August 2019 (pre-COVID19 ) compared to same months of 2020 (intra-COVID 19). All pregnant women who attended to six chosen primary health care centers in Basrah were included in the study. Results: Comparing 2019 maternal health services indicators with those from 2020, there is reduction about 22% in women in first antenatal visits and 33% in antenatal visits more than one less than four ,49% in visits equal and more than four , postnatal visits by 16% and tetanus toxoid doses by 17% . The greatest reduction occurred in March 2020 then these services utilization surged in July 2020 and decreased again in August .Conclusion:Our results demonstrate negative effects of COVID-19 on maternal health access and a deficient health information system in Basrah.

Abstract : This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on spirometric parameters and to highlight the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) as well as to study the association between H. pylori infection and severity of COPD. One hundred and fifty adult COPD patients aged 20-75 years of both genders were included in the study, patients were divided into two groups; the first group (cases) included 60 H. pylori positive COPD patients, the second group (control) included 90 H. pylori negative COPD patients. Assessment of pulmonary function by measurement of spirometric parameters and detection of H. pylori infection by stool rapid antigen test were done to all patients in both groups. Patients in both groups were comparable with regard to demographic characters. Moreover, the predicted values of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and forced expiratory flow rate in mid expiration (FEF25-75) were not significantly different between the two groups (P0.05). A significantly lower FEV1, FEV1%, FVC and FVC%, FEV1/FVC, PEF, PEF%, FEF25-75 and FEF25-75% were noticed in case group compared with control group (P0.05). While, FEV1/FVC % was not significantly different between the two groups (P0.05). The severity of air way obstruction and cough symptom was significantly more in case group compared with control grou

Abstract : The oil industry is complex in its equipment and design with a lot of chemicals used. This makes workers at risk of accidents like explosions, full from height, fires, chemicals burn, and many other health effects. Many of these health problems remain latent even after retirement. So this study aimed to estimate the mortality rates among the employees of Basrah Oil Company (BOC). A descriptive, record-based study was carried out in November 2020. The records of workers who died during the period from 1st of January 2017 to 31st of December 2018 were collected. The Crude death rate, specific death rate, and standardized mortality ratio were calculated. The results of the present study showed one hundred thirty-four workers who died during the study period. The age-specific mortality rate increase with advancing age. Furthermore, the male-specific mortality rate was higher than the female-specific mortality. Additionally, the commonest cause of death is external causes followed by cancer. Finally, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) is less than one. The study concludes that the mortality rate among Basrah Oil Company employees was lower than that in Basrah governorate.

Abstract : Abstract Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers around the world. It is classified as the third cancer that affects humans. Many studies show risk factors for cancer. This study was designed as a reference study (retrospective). This study was conducted in Dhi-Qar Governorate at Al-Hussein Hospital, peace be upon him, and included the collection of colon and rectal tissue samples immersed in paraffin wax for patients with colon cancer, during the period from October 2020 to April 2021 at the age of 20 years The aim of the study is to diagnose the presence of the cryptosporidium parasite in the tissues of colorectal cancer patients by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of the polymerase chain reaction showed infection in Cryptosporidium parasite 13.3% (13) positive samples out of 75 samples, and infection in Cryptosporidium parfum 9.2% (9) positive samples. The study also recorded a discrepancy between infection rate and gender. The infection rate of Cryptosporidium (8) samples 66.7% and Cryptosporidium parvum (5). The study also showed the most prevalent stages of cancer and the most common stages in which Cryptosporidium are present. The study recorded the second stage of colon cancer patients with the most diagnosed stages, as well as the presence of Cryptosporidium in it (4) 33.3%. But Cryptosporidium recorded the most infection in the first stage of colon cancer (4) 50%.

Abstract : Infected wounds are one of the most common health issues today, and there are numerous treatment options. These treatments, however, have drawbacks and are frequently expensive. We can produce a more effective, less expensive wound dressing for the treatment of infected wounds by employing chitosan or nano-chitosan alone or by combining each material with a pre-existing silver antibacterial like silver sulfadiazine. These findings demonstrate the combination of actives that inhibit and kill certain wound pathogens in a polymeric gel wound dressing after a series of antimicrobial efficacy tests in vitro and in vivo.