Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Malaysia, a significant portion of diabetic patients being managed in the primary care setting. However, there is a lack of study done, particularly in the primary care setting in terms of the effect of glycaemic control intensification and early diabetic complications detection. Therefore, this study aims to establish a diabetes clinic in a private medical clinic in Muar, Malaysia, to create better awareness of diabetes, improving the overall glycaemic control, delays complications and subsequently improves the quality of life. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study done on twenty-two diabetic patients over six months. Pre and post values of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile and other parameters were taken for comparison, mainly to determine improvement in glycaemic control. A diabetes awareness day was organized before starting the study to improve patient knowledge and awareness. Results: The study showed improvement in glycaemic control, especially in obese diabetic patients with a mean improvement of HbA1c by 1.4% over six months. A slight improvement was seen in the lipid parameters; however, paired t-test done indicates no much difference in the pre and post-intervention for all lab parameters Conclusion: This study showed that having an awareness campaign and a dedicated diabetes clinic can improve patient’s glycaemic control. Fur

Abstract : Background: Delayed in congenital heart disease (CHD) treatment is the main reason that lead to heart failure. The diagnosis of heart failure in children does not have standard guidelines, also the current treatment of heart failure in children has not shown satisfactory results, so further research in treatment is needed to guidelines. Objective: To determine the differences in the improvement of clinical parameters of CHD patients with heart failure based on PHFS and echocardiography values in current treatment compared to valsartan. Methods: This pre-posttest study was conducted on 29 CHD children with heart failure who were diagnosed for the first time and had not received prior therapy. All study subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups, the valsartan group as treatment and the captopril group as control. The medication was given for 3 months in each group. Treatment evaluation was carried out by examining PHFS, LVEF, LVEDV, LV Dimension, LV Mass and Fraction Shortening (FS) in the initial and final phases of the study. Results: The clinical assessment result of PHFS in the valsartan (p = 0.070) and captopril (p = 0.180) groups were discovered. The results of the echocardiographic examination in a row were: LVEF (p = 0.720), LVEDV (p = 0.538), FS (p = 0.455), LVIDd (p = 0.826), LVIDs (p = 0.912), LVM (p = 0.065). Conclusion: Valsartan and captopril administration did not show any difference in PHFS scores, LVEF, LVEDV, FS, LVIDd, LVIDs, nor LV Mass

Abstract : Background: Subacromial impingement syndrome is an infringement of rotator cuff subacromial tissues, bursa, and the tendon of long head of the biceps due to decline of the subacrormial space. Actions demanding a frequent or continued usage of the arms overhead regularly influence the tendon of rotator cuff muscles. Objectives: To examine the effect of exercises program on subacromial space in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: A pilot clinical study was conducted on 15 patients suffering from Subacromial impingement syndrome. They received exercises program (stretching posterior shoulder capsule, strengthening exercises and mobilization exercises for shoulder joint) trice a week, for 4 successive weeks. Patients were assessed before and after treatment for shoulder functional disability and shoulder subacromial space in adduction and abduction using ultrasonography (US). Results: all Patients showed significant improvement in shoulder functional disability and shoulder subacromial space in adduction and abduction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Exercises program is effective in improvement of shoulder functional disability and shoulder subacromial space in adduction and abduction.

Abstract : This study examines the sensorial saturation effect and non-nutritive sucking on reducing neonates' pain when undergoing the invasive procedure (infusion) at Rumah Sakit Palang Merah Indonesia ( Indonesian Red Cross Hospital) in Bogor. Quasi-experimental research design with a sample of 15 respondents. The study showed that the heart rate of the two groups significantly increases after comparison. The change of the SaO2 level in the SS Group was lower than the control (NNS). The change of the CRIES score in the SS group was lower than NNS. However, there were statically significant differences between SS and NNS groups (p=0.00). It's suggested that single or combined use SS is effective in reducing pain responses in neonates.

Abstract : Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit that is still part of diet all over the world. Health-promoting effects have long been attributed to this fruit; modern research supports the use of pomegranate as a folk remedy for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and many other ailments. Many interactions have been reported between different food substances and drugs that would alter the effect of the drug, and some are known to cause serious consequences on the health. The importance of diet-drug interactions has prompted the study of the effect of concurrent admiration of different food substances to determine drugs’ dosing, timing, and formulation for new drug candidates before being marketed. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of the effect of pomegranate juice on different enzymes and transporters that modulate the pharmacokinetic parameters by using different liquid chromatographic bioanalytical methods.