Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : This study aims to develop the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) through Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) by considering the bootstrapping methodology. Applying the bootstrapping approach in MLP methodology improves the precision of the related urea level determination factor. This model developed to determine urea reading among diabetic patients. Three blood parameter Fasting Blood Glucose (X1), HbA1c (X2), and Sodium Reading (X3) were selected according to their clinical importance. All these parameters will be used as input for urea determination. Using The ANN-MLP Model the performance of analysis will be determined through the Predicted Mean Square Error (PMSE) obtained from (MSE-forecasts the Network). In this research paper, all possible combinations of input will be evaluated one by one. The performance of MLP was evaluated through the PMSE of the neural network for the (MSE-forecasts the Network) and special attention will be given for the smallest value of PMSE reading while running the analysis. In this study, PMSE is used as a measurement for the goodness of fit test of the obtained model. It can be used as a tool to measure how far the prediction value from the actual value. The smallest PMSE will indicate the excellent performance of the model. In conclusion, a combination of these three variables which were Fasting Blood Glucose (X1), HbA1c (X2), and Sodium Reading (X3) contributed significantly to the area level through the developed methodology.

Abstract : Pressure ulcer is a condition often found in chronically ill patients with prolonged immobilization. Infected pressure sore can inhibit wound healing, wound treatment and worsen the patient's condition. Wound infections in hospitals are commonly related to nosocomial infection and antibiotics resistance. This research evaluated the incidence, bacterial growth pattern and antibiotics sensitivity of patients with pressure ulcer in Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. A total of 35 patients were admitted to RSDS and 14 patients fulfilled the requirements to be analyzed. We analyzed 14 patients’ medical records admitted to Soetomo Hospital from 1 October 2019 – 31 January 2020, including demographic data, diagnosis, decubitus site and stages, bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity. 71.5% of the patient were male and 57.1% categorized as old adult. Encephalopathy was the most common diagnosis found in pressure ulcer patients. A total of 85.7% of pressure ulcers were developed in the sacral region. Out of 19 isolates, the most common bacteria found is E.coli, followed by E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumanii. Amikacin demonstrated a high sensitivity against the majority of gram-negative bacteria. E. coli were very sensitive to amikacin, imipenem and meropenem. Cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamycin, imipenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam were other antibiotics that showed 100% sensitivity to P.aeruginosa. Cefoperazone-Sulbactam was the only antibiotic very sensitive to A. baumanii.

Abstract : Abstract: Background: psoriasis is a multifactorial disease, where the genetic predisposition has a big role in the disease development. Rationale: few studies try to prove that null GSTM1 and GSTT1 associated with psoriasis development. Aim: to evaluate the role of null GSTM1 and GSTT1 on psoriasis development as a genetic risk factor. Material and method: diagnostic case-control study evaluate the availability and the role of polymorphic genotyping of GTMS1 & GTTS1in development of psoriasis, done in Thi-Qar University research unites , extended all-over the 2017. Equal number of well crossly matched psoriatic patients and control (100) of each group. Family history, smoking status , stressful event assessment and co-infection had been assessed well. Ethical consideration had been optimally taken from the ethical committee, ethical approval accomplished by verbal consents from all participants, P value < 0.05 consider as significant comparative cut. GSTT1, GSTM1and albumin genes had fully assessed by fully automated PCR, Deletion occurring when only albumin gene present without GSTM1or GSTT1. Result: among psoriatic patient the value of genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1 and combined was present in a percent of (37,66 and 27%) while in control group (51,80 and 40%), that show significant difference, and role of protection was obvious, where the strength of association that expressed by odd's ratios that were less than one in all state of comparison.

Abstract : The first 1000 days of life period, which consists of 270 days during pregnancy and 730 days in the first 2 years of the baby's life, is a sensitive period. However, there was a period that was missed, namely the preconception period that is a critical stage for determining a successful pregnancy. This study aims to describe the incidence of obesity and other nutritional problems on preconception women in the Banggai Regency. This is the baseline from an experimental study on the effect of giving multi micronutrient supplements since the preconception period on blood glucose levels during pregnancy in Banggai Regency which was carried out since January 2020. There are 137 samples of preconception women in four districts (Luwuk, Luwuk Utara, Luwuk Selatan, and Nambo). Anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin levels are using standardized tools and procedures. We used univariate analysis. The prevalence of obesity was 36,5% (up to 50,4% with overweight), 67,9% central obesity, and 12,4% anemia and 13,9% chronic energy deficiency. In Banggai, six out of ten preconception women experience central obesity and being overweight. This will affect the health status of the pregnancy and birth outcomes. Interventions must be focused on preventing anemia and overweight that begins from the preconception period

Abstract : Malaria is one of the public health problems that can cause death. In 2017 it was estimated that 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide with 435,000 deaths globally. This study was conducted to see an overview of malaria cases in Pesawaran District in 2018. This is a descriptive study by analyzing according to people, place, and time to see an overview of malaria cases. Data analysis uses Stata and Microsoft Excel applications, and it is presented in tables and graphs. Malaria cases in Pesawaran District in 2018 were more prevalent in males (65%), in adults (51%), in Labor/Farmers/Fishermen (40%) followed by Students (25%). Malaria cases increased in July November with peak cases in October (222 cases). Most malaria cases were in Hanura Public Health Center, 491 cases. Most malaria cases were from indigenous cases (932 cases). Examination of malaria cases in Pesawaran District used microscopy 334 cases and examination used RDT 601 cases. Based on the results of laboratory tests, the most common type of plasmodium was Plasmodium Vivax (72%). Malaria cases were more prevalent in males than females, in adults, in Labor/Farmer/Fisherman, and increasing in July-November.