About

Sapporo Medical Journal

Sapporo Medical Journal is an open access, monthly, peer reviewed International Medical Journal with focuses on publishes research conducted in all fields of medical, medicine. There is no restriction on the length of research papers and reviews, although authors are encouraged to be concise. Sapporo Medical Journal is a scopus indexed International Medical Journal that wants to publish original articles, research articles, review articles with top-level work from all areas of Medicine, General Medicine, Medical Science Research and their application including Aetiology, bioengineering, biomedicine, cardiology, chiropody etc.
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal
Sapporo Medical Journal

Sapporo Medical Journal aims to distribute and expand medical data to the World as well as build a supportive and vibrant community of researchers to connect and explore ideas by publishing articles related to all fields of medicine. Sapporo Medical Journal believes that quality and ethical research. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to:

Medicine Microbiology Biochemistry Pharmacology Pathology Forensic medicine Internal Medicine Physiology Anatomy Obstetrics and Gynecology Radiology Community Medicine Otorhinolaryngology Infectious Diseases General Surgery Cancer research Pulmonary Dermatology and Venereal diseases Orthopedics Neurology Anaesthesia Medical education Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Neurosurgery Gastroenterology Nephrology Paediatrics Reproduction Dental Cardiology Surgery Nursing Otolaryngology Dermatology Diabetes Orthopaedics Hepatology Urology Psychology Anesthesiology Endocrinology Biotechnology Venereology ENT Psychiatry Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pulmonology Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutical Pharmacognosy Biopharmaceutics Phatmaceutical Technology Quality Assurance Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Drug Regulatory Industrial Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Drug Design Affairs Phytochemistry Drug Delivery Systems Drug Discovery Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmacy Practice Hospital Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Pharmacogenomics Drug Metabolism Pharmacovigilance Toxicology Clinical Research Microbiology Phrmacoinformatics Life Sciences like Chemistry Epidemiology Biomedical Sciences Immunology Dentistry Oncology Biomedicine Physiotherapy Sexology Neuroscience Gynaecology Dermatoepidemiology Pharmacy and Nursing Angiology/Vascular Medicine Osteology Ophthalmology Haematology Kinesiology Critical care Medicine Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Clinical immunology Bariatrics Genomics and Proteomics Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Radiobiology Cell Biology Geriatric Medicine Healthcare Services Healthcare Management Bioinformatics and Biotechnology
Paper ID : SMJ1211205410171
Sapporo Medical Journal
Author : Farah Muna Mohamad Ghazali, Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad, Mohamad Arif Awang Nawi, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Nur Fatiha Ghazalli, Nor Azlida Aleng, Mohamad Shafiq Mohd Ibrahim, Nurfadhlina Abdul Halim,

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the best strategy for the variable selection, using the developed Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR) and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP). At the first stage, all the selected variables will be a screen for their important relationship point of view through ordered logistics regression and bootstrap methodology. After considering for 1500 of the bootstrapping methods, it was found that smoking factor, total cholesterol factor, and triglycerides come to a significant relationship to the level of hypertension. By considering the level of significance of 0.25 for ordered logistic regression, these three variables are being selected and used for the input of the MLP model. The performance of MLP was evaluated through the Predicted Mean Square Error (PMSE) of the neural network for the (MSE-forecasts the Network). PMSE is used as a measurement of how far away from our predictions are from the real data. The smallest MSE from MLP, indicate the best combination of variables selection in the model. In this research paper, we also provide the R syntax for OLR and MLP better illustration.

Paper ID : SMJ1111205410169
Sapporo Medical Journal
Author : Farah Muna Mohamad Ghazali, Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad, Mohamad Arif Awang Nawi, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Nur Fatiha Ghazalli, Nor Azlida Aleng, Nurfadhlina Abdul Halim, Mohamad Shafiq Mohd Ibrahim,

Abstract : This study aims to validate the factor that perhaps influences the health status of an elderly at receiving home care. This research paper, we developed the R syntax for Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) which considering the logistic based selection. At first, the related factors will be determined through multiple logistics regression procedures, then the selected variable will be validate using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNS) through the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN). The validation process will be emphasizing on the Mean Square Error for forecasting (MSE-F) and the accuracy value. Through this developed methodology, we hope that the significant variable which treated as input to MLPNN will lower the MSE-F.Health. Through the developed MLPNN methodology, it was found that the Mean Square Error for forecasting (MSE-F.Health) is 0.105 with an accuracy of 91.28%. In conclusion, this showed that the developed model can predict the outcome by more than 90%. The developed R syntax is given in this paper for a better illustration.

Paper ID : SMJ0911205410168

Abstract : In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global outbreak or a pandemic. This brought to our mind the consequences of previous outbreaks to healthcare workers and their mental health. Earlier in 2020, a number of studies investigated the impact COVID-19 is thought to have on healthcare workers’ mental health and numerous studies investigated the importance of a healthy recovery for both health systems and healthcare workers post the pandemic. Until the drafting of this manuscript, early November 2020, more than 45 million cases were reported as COVID-19 positice in 124 countries around the globe, which sheds the light on the magnificent psychological impact assumed on healthcare workers. Therefore, this review article was carried out to investigate the significance of psychological outcomes amid and post COVID-19 pandemic as well as the risk factors predisposing these outcomes. We concluded that personal factors such as age, being single, living alone and perceived clinical experience, psychological factors such as maladaptive activities and previous psychological and psychiatric events, social and workplace related factors such as the working environment and the inter-peer relationship are predictive that some people are more prone to mental illnesses following the pandemic.

Paper ID : SMJ0711205410165
Sapporo Medical Journal
Author : Nadira Muthi Tsania, Maftuchah Rochmanti, Lukman Hakim, Mochammad Thaha,

Abstract : Reducing inflammation can be one of the therapeutic targets in in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. Many studies have shown that statins have pleiotropic effects as anti-inflammation. In this study we will be seen interaction of HDL-Cholesterol and hs-CRP to prove the role of statins as an anti-inflammatory and dyslipidemia treatment simultaneously. We compared hs-CRP and HDL Cholesterol/hs-CRP ratio levels in CKD patients who took statins and who did not take statins. Forty samples of CKD patients were taken randomly and then grouped based on their consumption of statin: taking statins (20) and not taking statins (20). There were negative correlation between HDL Cholesterol and hs-CRP (R=-0.374; P= 0.017), positive correlation between HDL Cholesterol/hs-CRP ratio and eGFR (R= 0.421; P= 0.007). The median concentration of hs-CRP in the statin group was significantly lower than in non-statin group (1.80 (1.20 – 5.30) vs 3.60 (1.90 – 11.60); P= 0.038), meanwhile there were not significantly different of median of HDL Cholesterol and HDL Cholesterol/hs-CRP Ratio between group. CKD subjects that consumed statin have a lower hs-CRP compared to subject that did not consume statin. But there was no difference of HDL-Cholesterol/hs-CRP ratio between CKD subjects that consume statin compared to did not consume statin but had a good correlation with eGFR. This result mean that HDL-Cholesterol and hs-CRP monitoring very important in CKD patient with statin treatment.

Paper ID : SMJ0311205410163

Abstract : Radiological imaging of the human body provided medical specialists with useful findings that helped obtain accurate diagnosis to select the better treatment option. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the ability to demonstrate the degenerative change that causes Low back pain (LBP). The currents work intended to evaluate the clinical indications and the lumber spine findings based on CT and MRI images. The mean patient's age was 45±12 (30-80) years. The procedures were performed using a multislice CT machine, 64 slices, and a 1.5 T MRI machine (GE SIGNA). In this study, 222 CT procedures were performed for patients suffering from lower back pain diseases. 81.1% of the patients' populations undergone CT procedures for lumber spine, while 19.9% of the patients' populations undergone MRI scans. 45.6% of patient populations are females, while 54.4% are males. A total of 180 patients data were recruited for this study, including 110 males (61%) and 70 (39% females) for CT procedure and 42 patients (25 (59.5%) males and 17 (39.5%) females) for MRI procedures. CT provides useful findings of the disease based on the images. CT's ability to illustrate the degenerative changes of the lumbar spine and the MRI has proved superior over CT in proving the prevalence of the infection and other related degenerative changes.