Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Background: COVID-19 viral infection outbreak poses a great challenge to the global health facilities including those in Saudi Arabia. The current study aimed to evaluate the Saudi community perception and knowledge about COVID-19 pandemic. It also assessed the psychological impact and the guidelines to control the outbreak. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional anonymous Arabic language questionnaire-based survey was conducted targeting the Saudi populations. Results: Seven hundred and twenty one Saudi participants were included in this study. Most of them (n=503, 69.8%) reported satisfactory knowledge and information about COVID-19. Moreover, they mostly agreed (n=707, 98.1%) that implementing the Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines is crucial to control the pandemic. Anxiety and stress were highly pronounced among 297(41.2%) of the studied sample. However, they reported different conflicting opinions about the community tools to control the infection outbreak. Conclusion: The current study participants were fully acquainted with COVID-19 pandemic and its preventive measures. Yet, this does not concur with the high registered number of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Hence, further studies with higher population numbers may be needed for further clarity of the COVID-19 community perception.

Abstract : We developed a thematic, Indonesian-translated version, of Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 (PSC-17) to assess the prevalence of the behavioral problem in the adolescent population. This study is a cross-sectional study aiming to assess the validity and reliability of PSC-17 in the Indonesian language. A questionnaire of seventeen questions was prepared to assess behavioral problems in the form of attention, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms. The study population is adolescents aged 15-17 years old in Gorontalo City, Province of Gorontalo, Indonesia. Subjects were asked to self-answer the questionnaire. The scale of the problem in internalizing, attention, and externalizing subscales were calculated from the obtained results. Validity was measured by using Pearson correlation strength test and reliability was measured by using Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test. As many as 384 participants were enrolled, in which 380 complete answers towards the PSC-17 Indonesian Version were obtained. Pearson correlation strength test showed that PSC-17 is valid under the Pearson r product moment of df = 378 under two-tailed alpha α = 0.05 (p<0.001). Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test showed high reliability of the PSC-17 (α=0.821). Based on our findings, Indonesian version PSC-17 is a valid and highly reliable set of questions to assess pediatric behavioral problems, especially in the adolescent population.

Abstract : Intradialytic parenteral nutrition is a complementary route of nutritional administration to treat the 5th renal stage hemodialytic malnourished cases. Multiple clinical studies have elucidated contradictory suggestions regarding Intradialytic parenteral nutrition efficacy and validity. This review displays a comprehensive assessment for the use of Intradialytic parenteral nutrition, the controversy over indications, benefits, and risks, as well as summarizes the current recommendations for Intradialytic parenteral nutrition indication and variable health outcomes.

Abstract : The height of prenatal is a risk factor for the Length of newborn infants. Other risks that may affect the Length of a newborn infant are the Body Mass Index (BMI), the age of prenatal during their early pregnancy, the low intake of energy and protein, and the history of chronic energy deficiency. The goal of the research is to determine the various factors related to the Length of newborn infants. The results were expected to provide the determinants of newborn infant length, which can be predicted before pregnancy until the date of labor. The result can be used as a basis to determine the appropriate intervention in the prevention of stunted children. The study design is cross-sectional, with a total sample of 46 prenatal. The Spearman correlation test showed that only three variables could be included in the prediction models with p < 0.25. It was the height of mothers before pregnancy (RS = -0,027; p=0,060), the energy intake of pregnant women with in the last month pregnancy (RS: 0,553; p=0,00), and protein intake of pregnant women with in the last month of pregnancy (RS=0,42; p=0,002). Prediction model produces in Multiple Linear Regression Line Equation is the length of newborn infant = 57.268 - Protein intake 0,075x average - 0.079 x height before pregnancy + 0.002 x intake of energy last one month + 0.090 x intake Protein 1 last month. It is recommended that pregnant women with short stature need more energy intake during pregnancy, especially in the last month of pr

Abstract : Objectives: To determine the incidence rate of childhood cancer and its trends in Thi-Qar, Iraq during 2012-2018. Methods: This registry based descriptive study included children aged 0-14 years with newly diagnosed primary cancers in Thi-Qar during 2012-2018. The types of cancers were classified according to the ICCC-3. The overall and specific incidence rates by age and sex were calculated per 100,000 children. JoinPoint software was used to examine the magnitude, direction, and change of incidence trends. Results: For the years 2012-2018, 633 new cases [349 (55.1%) boys and 284 (44.9%) girls, with ratio of 1.23:1] were registered among children aged <15 years. Children aged ≤4 years accounted for 41.5% of patients. The average annual incidence rate was 11.14/100,000 (ASIR was 12.00/100,000 children per year). The incidence rate increased from 7.61/100,000 in 2012 to 14.62/100,000 in 2018 at an annual percent change (APC) of 6.9%. Boys showed higher incidence rate than girls (11.93 vs. 10.30/100,000, p-value=0.02). The incidence rate was highest for children ≤4 years. Leukemia was the most common type of cancer accounting for 33.02%/%, followed by CNS neoplasms (15.48%), and lymphomas (14.53%). Conclusion: The incidence rate of childhood cancer in Th-Qar is increasing with time. It is comparable to that reported for developing countries but there is a shift of cancer types' distribution similar to that in developed countries.