Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : The characteristics evaluation of the physic (sensory, swelling, disintegration, active ingredient release, bulk density, and mass uniformity), biochemistry, acute toxicity, and accelerated aging of polyphenol/chlorophyll pillulae was presented in the current study. Pillulae contained the polyphenol/chlorophyll-rich concentrated extract of corn by-products in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. The biochemistry characteristics were analysed, such as the content of polyphenol, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, thiamin, tocopherol acetate, alginate content, and Ca2+, bioactivities (total antioxidant activity, reducing power activity, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, catalase activity, formation inhibition of conjugated dienes, low-density lipoprotein-antioxidant activity). Pillulae was tested for acute toxicity and accelerated aging for 30 days at 60oC and checked micro-organism. The results showed that pillulae was non-toxic with a maximum dose of 75 pillulae/kg. The sensory, swelling and active ingredient release of pillulae was good with bulk density (0.6 g/cm3), and mass uniformity (140.12 mg) and polyphenol (31.95 mg), chlorophyll (110.02 µg), ascorbic acid (20.27 mg), thiamin (0.22 mg), tocopherol acetate (1.2 mg), alginate content (20.46 mg), and Ca2+ (12 mg). The storage time of pillulae was estimated to be one year at 25oC through accelerated aging storage for 30 days at 60oC, and only detection of total aerobic bacterial (2.8x102 CFU/g) on the 30th day of accelerated aging.

Abstract : The focus of the study was to evaluate the effect of the bootstrapping method on an applied sciences study. In this case study, a set of data from the design of an experiment (DOE) was taken which consisted of 20 observations, which is specifically design for Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). After reorganizing the data according to the specific template, a regression approach to one-factor Analysis of variance was used for the best model fitting which considering all the factor levels. At first, the regression was fit through the origin data. Second, the bootstrapped method was applied towards the origin data through SAS syntax in order to obtained large sample data, then the obtained data was used for regression fitting. The regression results with and without bootstrap was compared according to the parameter of estimated coefficient beta, standard error and the obtained p-value. To validate the obtained model, a multilayer perceptron neural network was applied, the Mean Error (ME), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Maximum Error were compared towards training, testing and validation procedure. As a conclusion, the regression approach through bootstrapping to one-factor Analysis of variance was a significant methodology. The mean error (ME) and mean absolute error (MAE) of the measurement of the model accuracy are relatively similar to the training, testing, and validation. Small error measurement was showing the high accuracy of the developed model. Hence, it can be conclu

Abstract : Smartphone addiction may be considered one of the most prevalent habits in Saudi Arabia, with users ranging between 41 and 44 million. This addiction has a debilitating impact, including increase in headaches. We aim to determine the relationship between smartphone addiction and headaches among medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study involved 429 medical students of the faculty of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University. Data were collected by an electronic self-reported questionnaire containing demographic questions and scales for smartphone addiction (SAS-SV), headache impact on participants’ lives (HIT-6), and headache assessment questions. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Pearson’s chi-square was used to determine the significance of the relationships. The results showed that more than half of the participants were addicted to using smartphones. Statistical analysis found no significant relation between smartphone addiction and headache frequency throughout students’ lives. However, there is a significant relationship between headache impact and addiction. Furthermore, there is also a significant relationship between avoidance of activities and addiction. Smartphone addiction negatively affects medical students by increasing the impact of headaches on their lives, which is worse than addiction by nature. An alternative for the excessive use of smartphones should be introduced.

Abstract : Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the treatment strategies used in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Many factors influence prognosis in acute coronary syndrome. Thyroid hormones play a critical role in cardiac and vascular physiology, and hypothyroidism has significant cardiovascular consequences, even if hormone levels are only slightly altered. This study aims to explore prognosis in patients with ACS and preexisting thyroid stimulating hormone defects (TSH) who undergo PCI surgery. Methods: The TSH was an independent indicator of 1-year all-cause mortality in euthyroid patients with ACS who underwent PCI. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by review of records of all patients who had TSH abnormalities and underwent PCI between 2017 and 2021 in the Department of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: We reviewed records of up to 500 coronary care unit patients with TSH levels above 4 mlU/L or below 0.4 mlU/L who had PCI procedures. The study included 152 adult patients. Out of those, 94 (61.8%) had a successful procedure, while 58 (38.2%) developed complications including recurrence, requiring coronary artery bypass grafting, heart failure, and death. Conclusion: TSH level has a strong relation with prognosis in patients undergoing PCI. Controlling thyroid hormone levels minimizes postoperative complications. More studies are needed to help us improve patient health.

Abstract : Emotional intelligence has significant effect on the quality of learning and application of the learned knowledge in practice. Its usage is currently being understood as a fundamental requirement of health professional in care provision to patients and helps health professional in managing their own and their patients’ emotions. The main aim of this study is to assess the level of emotional intelligence and associated factor among undergraduate Health Science students. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 154 Undergraduate Health Science Students. Structured self- administered questionnaires were used to collect data. The collected data was entered by using Epidata version 3.1then exported to IBM SPSS version 20 for analysis for analysis. Descriptive statistics and multivariable linear analysis were done to describe and identify study variables and factors associated with the level of emotional intelligence. P- Value of less than 0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance. Among the 154 students who participated in this study, about 88 (57.1%) of the students had high and 66(42.9%) had low level of emotional intelligence. The results also revealed that there is statistically significant association between age, educational status of family members, substance use and Career development plan with the level of emotional intelligence among the study participants. The study concluded that the overall level of Emotional Intelligence among the st