Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Background: The pandemic of COVID­19 has been causing millions of cases of severe pneumonia and respiratory distress in more than 200 countries and territories of the world. The causative agent, SARS­CoV­2, is a novel coronavirus, with well­ recognized lung complications. However, the evidences are mounting about both central and peripheral nervous system complications. Objectives: This is a case series study aimed to show the incidence of GBS among recently cured post COVID-19 infection cases and to describe their clinical and investigational characteristics. Methods: This study is a descriptive study, in which we have included fifteen patients diagnosed as COVID-19 cases in the last 2-4 weeks before the onset of their weakness. All of them have been admitted to Basrah hospitals in the period between 15/7/2020 and 1/9/2020 complained from rapidly progressive ascending weakness fulfill the clinical criteria of GBS. Results: The incidence rate of GBS in post COVID-19 cases during the period of study was about (0.375%). This result is much higher than the commonly known incidence rate of GBS in the community (0.017)

Abstract : Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common public health problem worldwide. The global burden of illness from CSOM is estimated to involve about 65 to 330 million individuals with draining ears. There is an association between CSOM and poor educational performance. A portion of the variability observed may be related to differences in sampling and processing methods. The Causative microorganisms may be same or different in both ears, so this study was done to determine the prevalence of same micro organism versus different types in bilateral chronic suppurative otitis media Tooke place in Alhabobi teaching hospital. Method: a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the ENT outpatient clinic and the Microbiology Department ofAlhabobi teaching hospital and private laboratory .The sample comprised 46 patients with bilateral active CSOM. All patients were evaluated through a detailed history and clinical examination. Pus samples from draining ears were collected by aspiration with a sterile pipette. The specimens were immediately sent for microbiological analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS.version 20. Results: The most of the patients were female (29) 63%, infection was common among age group below 30 years. Housewife 35% followed by students24% were the commonest occupational distribution. Most of the results of cultures were same type of bacteria in both ears (69.5%) while (30.5%) were different.No significant different between type of bacteria in relation to age of patients and sex distribution ,while there was significant relationship between type of occupation and type of bacterial isolation whether same or different , while didn’t shown in regard to kind of residence. In our study the significant statistically difference between type of bacteria in term of same or different was clear in income distribution. Conclusions: Our study was shown that 30.5% of cases were different types of bacteria and it was important to do swabbing from both ear because its statistically significant characters.

Abstract : Hospital readmissions which could indicate low quality of hospital services have been an on-going issue during the implementation of the Indonesian National Health Insurance (JKN) program. A systematic review of 20 eligible articles to assess the factors related to hospital readmissions was carried out from around 290.000 screened articles published from 2000 until 2019 with the inclusion criteria of full-text articles, non-duplicated and published in either English or Indonesian articles were. It was found that inpatient discharge management in hospitals is arranged based on the payment system. An early discharge may occur from insufficient hospital payment tariff. JKN should model its readmission criteria and rearrange its payment system to reduce readmission and improve the quality of healthcare services.

Abstract : Objectives: This study evaluates the impact of long-term tramadol use on Erectile Dysfunctions and Other Male Sexual Functions. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 6-months among 68 clients with tramadol use (history of tramadol use and positive urine examination). The subjects selected from Hot Line Clinic of Minia Psychiatric Hospital, Upper Egypt. They underwent to complete physical and neurological clinical evaluation and assessment. Then, each patient screened with addiction severity index (ASI) and international index of erectile function (IIEF). The control group consisted of 43 subjects with no history of drug abuse and negative urine analysis test. A written consent from subjects was taken. The study was approved from local committee of Minia University. Results: Sixty eight subjects with tramadol use were recruited for this study. The mean age at onset of tramadol use was 26.24 ± 6.472 years. The mean duration of tramadol use was 7.74 ± 3.610 years. According to ASI, psychiatric state, drug use, and family and social domains were the most severely affected domains among the tramadol users. Also, there was a statistical significant difference between tramadol use group and the control regarding erectile function, sexual desire, orgasm, intercourse satisfaction and overall satisfaction as measured by IIEF (p < 0.000). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between average daily dose of tramad

Abstract : The emergence of resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae assosiated with COVID-19 demonstrate a primary challenge for the antimicrobial therapy of infectious diseases and increases the incidence of mortality and morbidity. K. pneumoniae isolated from COVID-19 patients sputum with ratio (100%). All K. pneumoniae clinical isolates had 100% resistance to ceftriaxone , piperacillin (80%) , cefepime (60%) , amikacin (40%) , and meropenem =levofloxccin (20%). Bacterial isolates gave positive result for MHT, also all isolates formed ‎ β- lactamase at a rate of 100% by using spectrometry β-lactamase assay. Costunolide (38.3 %), Rutin (15.33%), Pentadecanoic acid (6.54%), Oliec acid (4.77%), and Caproic acid (3.22%) considered as major compounds in Saussurea costus were identified by GC-Mass spectrometry . The β-lactamase produced by K. pneumoniae were inhibited by Saussurea costus with a strong statistical significance at P- value : <0.001.