Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Despite the great vest of published research about covid19 viral infection, many issues are still not fully explored. Ophthalmic effect of COVID-19 still pose a challenge and controversy to health care providers. The current study aimed to investigate the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations perception of COVID-19 ophthalmological manifestations, during the pandemic era. This is a cross sectional study. It was self-reported, electronically distributed to people from GCC with special emphasis on Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from 3500 participants. Among them; (14.1%) have chronic general, and (33.5%) have ophthalmologic diseases. The majority of the study participants were knowledgeable about the different clinical manifestations of covid19 on different body systems. However, only (11.3%) of them were aware that eye symptoms could be the first clinical manifestation of covid19 infection. In addition, half of the participants are unaware that covid19 could be transmitted through eyes. In conclusion, the GCC inhabitance have a lesser perception and knowledge about covid19 ophthalmological affection and it is way of transmission. This may necessitate an effort of implementing extra comprehensive guidelines.

Abstract : Nigella sativa (NS) is a commonly used traditional medicine which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties especially thymoquinone. However, its supplementation in patients of clinical trials showed conflicting results. Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis regarding the effects of NS supplementation on immune-inflammatory parameters such as Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio. Methods: Relevant articles were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases from inception until June 6, 2020. Information related to: author’s name and year, study location, target population, sample size, age of participants, number of participants in each groups, type and dose of NS supplements, study duration, and the main results were extracted from each study. To determine the effect estimates, data were assessed using fixed or random effect model. Results: 15 studies using 509 subjects were enrolled for meta-analysis. Our results found a significant reduction in Th17 cells (SMD -0.58 [-1.08, -0.34], p=0.02) following supplementation with NS. There was a significant increased in Treg cells (SMD 0.32 [0.01, 0.63], p=0.05) and CD4 (SMD 2.29 [0.27, 4.32], p=0.03) following NS supplementation. In addition, there was significantly higher ratio of CD4/CD8 (SMD 0.65 [0.30, 1.00], p=0.0003) following NS supplementation. Effects of NS on Th1 cells (SMD -0.04 [-0.56, 0.47], p=0.87), Th2 cells (SMD -0.08 [-0.49, 0.34], p=0.7

Abstract : Nigella sativa L. belongs to family Ranunculaceae. The constituent from the seeds of Nigella Sativa has been reported to possess antitumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, central nervous system depressant, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Systemic Lupus Erythematosis (SLE) is a multisystemic inflammatory disease due to chronic autoimmune disease. Current therapy has not shown satisfactory results due to various side effects. Objective:To predict the potential of constituents from Nigella sativa as an anti-inflammatory drug and as a SLE novel therapy. Method: The compound contained in Nigella was obtained from Knapack Karaya web server. Nigella sativa’s potential as an anti-inflammatory is predicted using Pass Server and Way2Drug. The parameters analyzed were updated agonist factor macrophage colonies, Caspase 3 stimulants, Caspase 8 stimulants, TP53 expression enhancers, FABP5, apoptotic agoptics, and immunomodulators. Interaction Experiment Tool with Protein Interest, Search Tool 17 Interacting Chemicals (STITCH). Target protein prediction (HITPICK). Result: Pass Server Analysis shows that Nigella sativa can act as an anti-inflammatory and induce apoptosis through TP53 expression enhancer and Caspase stimulant (Pa > 0.3). STITCH analysis shows that the content of Nigella sativa, Carvacrol, Thymol, and Myristicin, are predicted to activate CASP3 (Caspase 3) to trigger apoptosis. Analysis of HITPICK Oleic acid compounds is predicted t

Abstract : Various devices have employed for percutaneous closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Although effectiveness of device closure has been determined, a few studies focused on the cost-effectiveness and postoperative complications comparison with open surgery. This study aims to evaluate of PDA occlusion by Amplatzer Ductal Occluder in comparison with open surgical closure. A cross sectional study was performed in children with PDA whom underwent interventions. The interventions including Amplatzer Ductal Occluder and open surgical closure, data of demographic, characteristic PDA, length of stay, costs, interventions, outcome and complication were collected from medical record. Eighteen children (4/18 male) were diagnosed with PDA. The median age was 6.0 years, (SD 9.98). Most of patient suffered from moderate PDA (13/18) and large PDA (5/18). Interventions including Amplatzer ductal occluder (9/18) and open surgical closure (9/18) was found. The surgical group have experienced to care in ICU during hospitalized (9/18, median 0.5-day, p<0.01). The length of stay during hospitalized was longer in surgical group (median 5.5-days, p<0.01). The calculated costs were higher in surgical group (median 28.099.500 IDR, p=0.04). No event of mortality was observed in both of group. Amplatzer Ductal Occluder was more preferable because of its lower inexpensive and complication than surgical technique.

Abstract : ABSTRACT Background: The main causes of maternal mortality are thought to include hemorrhage, sepsis, obstructed labor, and hypertensive desease of pregnancy. For many years, demographic and health surveys have been used to study maternal and perinatal health in developing countries. However few nationwide population surveys have used formally validated questionnaires.Objectives: the purpose of this study was to determine tha validity of maternal self reported of obstetrical complication Methods: a coss-sectional study was conducted among 300 women at Two Hospitals and one public health center, a questionnaire recorded mother’s perception of obstetrical complications while hospital medical record. Sensitifity, spesifisity, predictives values and percent agreement were obtained for obstetrical condition. Result: In general, women’s report of obstetrical complications did not match medical diagnosed. The highest agreement was obstained for reporting eclampsia, with less agreement for post partum haemorrhage Conclusion: The validity of the surveys questionnaires varies between studies due to differences in the questionnaire. Health surveys based on maternal self report must be interpreted with consideration of this limitation. Keywords: Women self-reported; Near Miss; Obstetric Complication; Demographic Health Survey; Epidemiology.