Sapporo Medical Journal

Abstract : Children with ASD have a form of social interaction disorder, have limited communication, and repeatedly fidget. In Indonesia, it is estimated ASD occurs in 1 in 88 children. This research aims to find out more about the correlation between the history of pregnancy, birth and baby characteristics, and children with ASD. Researchers analyzed 112 children with ASD below the age of 10 based on inclusive and exclusive criteria from 3 therapy centers, Bina Autis Mandiri, YPAC, and SDLB in October and November of 2017. The Case-Control method was used in this research. Samples of some ASD cases have been taken from a therapy center in Palembang recently. From 112 samples (35.7% girls, 64.3% boys), we can conclude that gender, mother’s occupation, and race are factors of ASD (p<0.005) History of pregnancy such as age during the marriage, bleeding, APGAR score, age during pregnancy, the weight of the newborn and history of the birth of twins. The factors that lead to the birth of children with ASD are the mother’s age during the first pregnancy, bleeding, the birth process, age of pregnancy of the child with ASD, the weight of the newborn with ASD, APGAR score, and birth disorder. Having a checkup before pregnancy and antenatal care are some of the ways to prevent a child from getting ASD.

Abstract : A prospective study that include ( 100 ) patients who underwent emergency laparotomy for perforated duodenal ulcer during a period from May 2016 to January 2018. The operations were done in Al-Husein Teaching Hospital. The clinical finding, general risk factors, co-morbid medical diseases, operative finding, and post – operative complications were all taken in consideration. Follow-up period range from 2 weeks to 18 months. in this study,( 96%) male and( 4%) female with mean age of 43.13 years (range from 10 to more than 70) years. The disease was more common in rural areas (58%) than in urban areas (42%). Fifty five percent of patients gave previous history of duodenal ulcer and ( 45%) had no previous history of duodenal ulcer. The most common risk factors are smoking ( 32% ) and NSIADs (25%) . In this study most of elderly patients presented with medical diseases as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most patients admitted to hospital between 19 – 24 hours ( 21%), ( 8%) admitted during 6 hours, and ( 2%) admitted after (120) hours. Regarding the complications occur in this study; wound infections, chest infections, and paralytic ileus were the most common complications. Mortality rate occur in 2%. The most common factor that leading to development of postoperative complications is delayed in hospital admission, so, to improve the results of treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer, the diagnosis and treatme

Abstract : Introduction: Awareness about variations in response to treatments and diagnostic cut-off values for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in special patient populations is crucial. This study aims to determine the knowledge level about IDA diagnosis and management. Method: This is a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia, using an online questionnaire distributed to family and internal medicine physicians. Results: Among 76 participants, 28.9 % diagnose IDA based on either iron study or complete blood count separately. Around half of the participants are aware of ferritin cut-off values to diagnose IDA among the general population during pregnancy, while only one-third are aware of values in-patient with heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Further, 57.9% of participants' diagnoses based on a local reference range rather than international cut-off values. Additionally, 17.1% would assess response to treatment within 2 to 6 weeks of treatment while the remaining either evaluate after three months or do not follow up at all. Similarly, only 77.6% perform work up to establish the underlying cause of IDA. Conclusion: IDA is a common health issue though knowledge about diagnosis and management is suboptimal. This is likely attributed to the misperception that diagnostic values and treatment responses are universal among different patients.

Abstract : Background: Fractures of the femur are popular problems among children and adults, A proper modality of treatment that is the external fixation with minimally invasive technique is less cost and easily applied as an available option that can be regarded as a well-tolerated definitive procedure until complete union of the fracture specially in resource constrained centers in developing countries where specialized implant and instrumentation is not always available. Aim : To study the method of treatment of femoral shaft fracture in children at the age of more than 7 yrs. old, and to select the proper modality that is always present and easy to get in our city and also to check the efficacy of external fixation in compared to internal fixation by plate and screws, and to determine the management outcome. Material and method: A comparative analytical study extended all over the past three years, including all children exposed from femoral shaft fracture, where 1st group composed of 15 children underwent external fixation, while the 2nd group was of 10 children, who underwent internal fixation. The socio-demographic characters chosen to be nearly was of no significance difference, the outcome was the targeted subjects inform of infection, leg length discrepancy, gait abnormality…etc, link of association and difference studied by SPSS version25Results: Gender show no significant difference where Chi-Square=0.108a , P value =.534 , odds ratio= 1.114, regardin

Abstract : This research aims to identify the potential spread of COVID-19 from aspects of activities outside the home, inside the home and immunity factors that related to the risk of transmission based on age, education, residence and employment hopefully it can become an effective policy and action reference in handling COVID-19. The research design used a cross-sectional random sampling technique and the collection of data used Google forms media. Format questions used in the form of 3 categories of self-report activities outside the home, inside the house, and immunity factors. The results showed that activities which have a high risk of transmission of COVID-19 are in the adult age group, residence: at village, education; at Junior High school, occupational groups: at company employees, laborers/freelancers. The implementation of health protocols (using masks, washing hands and keeping your distance) supported by comprehensive policy steps that pay attention to psychological, social and economic aspects and even security can strengthen efforts to control COVID-19 by paying attention to the above characteristics as well as supervision and control by the government and the private sector. and society.